Majority Rule and Minority Rights

In a free government framework, it tends to be said that the foundation is the idea of greater part rule and minority rights. The greater part is the gathering of individuals that is made out of the greater part of the whole populace that took an interest in a specific occasion or in a political race. Then again, the minority is considered as the subordinate gathering and isn't politically predominant in a given society that is managed by the idea of larger part rules.The president along with the various authorities that are to assume the liability of administering the nation is resolved through the votes of the individuals and whoever has the biggest vote takes the position. The political decision methodology and prerequisites with respect to the appointment of the president and different authorities are under Article 2, Section 2 of the United States Constitution. In any case, the force that is given to the chosen president is additionally constrained and limited under the equivale nt Article.As expressed before, the delegate with the most number of votes will represent the lion's share whom in any case was picked by the larger part to be in the position. Be that as it may, in spite of the fact that the chosen official speaks to the lion's share, the minority despite everything holds the rights given by the administration and anticipates that the greater part should recognize their privileges also. The minority won't remain the minority always and in each issue and circumstance. The minority are allowed to the possibility that so as to have an administration sufficiently equipped, the desire of the larger part should be fulfilled.It isn't just the idea of greater part decide that is significant on the American government as well as in all vote based government too yet in addition the idea of minority rights. The privileges of the minority should likewise be recognize and secured. To guarantee that the minority holds their privileges, the constitution has const rained the intensity of the chosen authorities and installed in the constitution are sure laws that will watch the rights and enthusiasm of the minority.An model would be the I Amendment of the Bill of Rights that makes sure about the privileges of people inside the state with respect to issues of religion, press and discourse. The IV Amendment likewise guarantees all people inside the state are liberated from the dread of maltreatment from law implementations seeing outlandish hunt and just as seizure of property. For This situation not the perfect of the minority is ensured however the larger part too. Since the dominant part comprises the bigger populace, their advantage is regarded which additionally includes choice making.It is likewise founded on the possibility that the greater part realizes what is best for the network all in all. It is imperative to monitor the rights of the larger part as well as of the minority too. The Constitution guarantees that the privilege of all pe ople in the State is regarded and secured. Larger part rule had been constrained so as to guarantee that the dominant part won't persecute the minority accordingly ensuring the privileges of the minority while the lion's share rules.This is significant in light of the fact that the minorities are additionally individuals of the State that likewise adds to the monetary part of the State that is significant in keeping up and reinforcing its capacity. On the off chance that the minorities are abused there will be divisions inside the State, something that is much harder to tended to, considerably harder than issues that the State experiences with different countries. Clashes inside the state may likewise bring about the fall of the State all in all, financially as well as in all angles too particularly in keeping up its capacity and status.The pressure between the idea of larger part rule and minority right is consistently present in each just constitution. In this manner, it is signif icant for open authorities to have the option to settle on choices on when should the standard and enthusiasm of the larger part be decreased so as to ensure the privileges of the minority and when should the privilege of the minority be limited so as to evade the submersion of the greater part rule. These inquiries must be tended to appropriately to forestall unsalvageable harm that can be welcomed on either the greater part or the minority.It is significant that while the lion's share has the force, the will and enthusiasm of the minority are additionally thought of and esteemed so as to keep up the harmony and great relations of the individuals inside the State just as the political and social intensity of the State. As expressed before, the standard of greater part rule over minority right can be unmistakably seen in governmental issues particularly in decisions. This rule will again be found in the 2008 presidential political decision wherein in excess of 10 applicants are invo lved.Whoever gets the vote of the dominant part will administer the nation in the spot of the greater part. Despite the fact that the victor will be overseeing the nation, as far as possible the force given to the chosen president so as to secure the rights and enthusiasm of the lion's share whom in any case don't picked the chosen. Another occasion where the idea of lion's share rule and minority right can be seen is on account of the Jena 6 in Jena, Louisiana. It very well may be said that bigotry is a piece of the framework wherein the white are considered to dominate.In the instance of the Jena 6, albeit white can be said to speak to the greater part, the privileges of the minority are as yet regarded through numerous the meetings that were performed. This additionally shows the significance why the privilege of the minority must be regarded and secured, to maintain a strategic distance from groups among the individuals from the network just as rebel against the individuals who are in the position that were portrayal of the larger part and even to the greater part itself. Surely, the rule of lion's share rule regarding minority right is the establishment of each popularity based nation, for example, the United States itself.It is likewise a key for advancement and unification.ReferencesDavison, B. (02, December 2006). Greater part rule as for minority rights.Retrieved January 19, 2008 from http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/93543/majority_rule_with_respect_to_minority. html Patrick, J. (2007).Majority guideline and minority rights. Recovered January 19, 2008 from http://www. understudy voices. organization/Dictionary. aspx? myTerm=Majority+Rule+and+Minority+Rights Legal Information Institute. (No Date).United States Constitution. Recovered January 19, 2008 from http://www. law. cornell. edu/constitution/list. html.

Strategic Alliances: A Competitive Necessity

The previous two decades has been a time of worldwide development, in which the globalization of business sectors, the combination of and fast moves in advancements, and the breakdown of numerous customary industry limits, has rendered key coalitions a serious need (Ohmae, 1989). A solitary firm is probably not going to have all the assets and abilities to accomplish worldwide intensity. In this way, joint effort among associations that have corresponding assets is frequently essential for endurance and development (Dussauge, Garrette and Mitchell, 1998).Defined as a long haul, unequivocal legally binding understanding relating to a trade or mix of a portion of a company's assets with another firm(s), vital partnerships permit firms to share dangers and assets, gain information and innovation, grow the current item base, and get access to new markets (Burgers, Hill and Kim, 1993; Dacin, Hitt and Levitas, 1997; HagedoornAlthough the advantages of key unions are all around archived, re gardless of whether vital unions can be a practical section procedure choice for little and medium-size endeavors (SMEs) to effectively enter markets held by significant occupant providers is less clear.In this paper, key collusions are demonstrated to be a powerful passage cum-discouragement technique for SMEs to effectively infiltrate markets that are entrenched and overwhelmed by significant organizations. Moreover, the conditions under which SMEs can utilize key partnerships as a passage procedure without confining themselves to target just those business sectors overlooked by greater firms are identified.In terms of strategy, this paper follows a deductive methodology †one dependent on game hypothesis, to analyze unequivocally the responses of greater firms to the passage of SMEs into their business sectors, explicitly considering the asset confinements looked by SMEs. To confirm that the hypothetical contentions gave are predictable practice, two instances of the utilizat ion of vital partnerships by SMEs as a section technique to infiltrate markets commanded by significant companies are analyzed. The practices and encounters of these SMEs were seen as predictable with the hypothetical contentions introduced here.

Making Samples of Essay Conclusions

Making Samples of Essay ConclusionsSo you've just finished writing a part of your dissertation. You are probably at the point where you want to know how to make sure your essay is as good as it can possibly be and the best way to do this is by making samples of essay conclusions available to other people. This is one of the best ways for you to make sure your final papers are an excellent work. I will tell you a few things that you should keep in mind before making samples of essay conclusions available to others.First of all, make sure that you make samples of essay conclusions that are unique and not just samples of a paragraph. Since these are your essay, you should be able to use them for any essay you might write, especially if they are all original and not from another source. So make sure that you keep them unique.Secondly, make sure that your own sample of essay conclusions is free of plagiarism. These should not be copied or similar to someone else's work because that is pla giarism and the consequences for plagiarism can be very severe and could even result in the loss of your dissertation, unless you have plenty of time to get it done before it is due.Thirdly, make sure that you will send the samples of essay conclusions to the dissertation coordinator, professor, and the tutors. This is very important so that you will know who will receive the samples and when you will have them back. If they do not send these to you, then make sure you get them from the person that is going to evaluate your sample of essay conclusions and make sure that they have not already used your sample in another student's assignment.Fourthly, make sure that you get your samples back to the supervisor of the essay advisor, thesis advisor, and of course, the tutors so that they can all see them and analyze them. They are looking for your samples to see if you understand the topics you are discussing and you need to give them reasons why you think your conclusion is important.Fi fthly, keep in mind that the higher the quality of your writing is, the higher the standard of the samples you make will be. This is because you will want your students to look up your samples when they are doing research and even give you their comments on the samples, if you make the effort to let them see them.Just remember that the more effort you put into the topic, the better the quality of the essays you make will be. Use your samples of essay conclusions to help you on your way to becoming a great writer and make sure you have all the samples you need.

Attributes of a Holistic Nurse Free Essay Example, 750 words

Holistic nursing stems from five main values that summarize the principles of the specialty. The HNs recognize intricate human health experiences, the dynamic associations of health, illness, and wellness. They appreciate healing as the desired outcome of the practice of nursing. Their practice has scientific foundations (theory, research, evidence-based practice, critical thinking, and reflection). To provide care, HNs recognize the entirety of the human being. The biopsychosocial aspects (physical, spiritual, functional, psychosocial, mental, emotional, cultural, and sexual aspects) are integral in the practice. The holistic process entails six steps occurring concurrently: assessment, diagnosis (pattern, problem and need recognition), expected outcomes, planning of care, implementation, and evaluation (Shives, 2012)These are diverse treatments and practices used together with regular medicine for the purpose of increasing comfort, restoring the health of the body, mind, spirit, an d increasing coping mechanisms. The treatments also reduce stress and improve the client s wellbeing. They include natural products, which are natural substances like herbal medicines, vitamins, minerals, probiotics in yogurts, and other natural products. Most are available over the counter as dietary supplements. Mind-body practices, which focus on the communication between the brain and body with the goal of using the mind to influence bodily performance and encourage health, are important. We will write a custom essay sample on Attributes of a Holistic Nurse or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Jane’s Path to Prosperity Essay - 2444 Words

Jane’s Path to Prosperity In The beginning of Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte introduces Jane as an orphan girl who is residing at Gateshead with Mrs. Reed and her children. Bronte walks us through the episodes of Jane’s life as she moves to Lowood, Thronfield, Moor House, and finally to Ferndean. Throughout these stages, Bronte will show how charity was depicted through the interactions that Jane had. Through these perspectives we will see that the results of how charity was regarded, based on the nineteenth century concepts and views that Bronte discusses, point out the significance of charity in Jane Eyre. Charlotte’s focus on charity in her novel revolves not only around giving money to orphans, but giving love and care to those in†¦show more content†¦Bronte’s views on charity are first seen through the actions in the Reed household. Jane is an orphan girl left to be taken care of by her uncle. However, her uncle passed away when she was very young and she remains in the custody of the bitter Reeds. The reason as to why they are bitter is because they are greedy and disregard Jane in all they do. In spite of the fact that she is poor and has no family that cares for her, they harass and mock her instead of giving her love and care. From an incident at the beginning of the novel, we can clearly see how Jane is mistreated. When Jane is a girl of about nine years old, we learn that she has an interest in reading books. She feels that reading will allow her to experience some of the excitement in the books considering that she isn’t part of the Reed family and is excluded from everything else that they do. Even by engaging herself with reading some of their books, which were scarcely used by the Reeds, Jane had to be punished for laying hands on their so-called property because in their views, since she’s poor, she’s unfit to touch them. We can see how cruel the Reeds are when John confronts Jane for using their books: You have no business to take our books; you are a dependant, mama says; you have no money: your father left you non; you oughtShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Freedom In Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1274 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, the heroine is portrayed as a neglected individual who desperately wishes to learn the skill of escaping the imprisonment of the troubled mind. Literary critic Nina Baym claims that Jane’s goal is to assert her dominance rather than to gain independence. However, in several parts of the novel, Jane is vocal about her desire to make it on her own without the assistance of money, love, or affection. She would rather be freed of any restraints that may holdRead More How the United States Must Handle China and Its Military in the 21st Century4404 Words   |  18 Pagesalso in the interests of the world. In May 2010 the White House released the latest National Security Strategy which advocates an increased interac tion with China. Asia’s dramatic economic growth has increased its connection to America’s future prosperity, and its emerging centers of influence make it increasingly important both economically and militarily. We have taken substantial steps to deepen our engagement in the region, through regional organizations, new dialogues, and high-level diplomacyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagescontributes to sustainable development by offering better trading conditions to, and securing the rights of, Let’s assume you have been offered a job by Jekyll Corporation, a company in the consumer products industry. The job is in your chosen career path. Jekyll Corporation has offered you a position that would begin 2 weeks after you graduate. The job responsibilities are appealing to you, make good use of your training, and are intrinsically interesting. The company seems well positioned financially

Importance Of Strategic Business Model In The Business Industry

Question: Discuss about the Importance Of Strategic Business Model In The Business Industry. Answer: Introduction Strategic business model refers the framework that is developed by the organization to meet the requirements of their business operation. However, the strategic business model is crucial for the organization to establish a strategic outline to achieve the desired goal. Formulation of the strategy is a vital part of the strategic business model to maximize the profit of an organization (Angeloska-Dichovska Mirchevska, 2017). Identification of the value proposition is the important step of the strategic business model. However, by using the strategic business model an organization will be able to detect their target market and to achieve competitive strength. Therefore, to reduce the cost of production is another purpose of the adoption of the strategic business model in an organization. One of the major issues of using the strategic business model is the proper implementation of such model. However, the organization often faces the issues regarding high cost, lack of skill and time constraint while implementing the strategic business model (Lawton, 2017). This current literature review aims to underpin the significance and challenges regarding the use of a strategic business model in the business industry. However, such literature review reveals various aspects of the use of a strategic business model in the context of many organizations to improve their market position and to maximize their sales revenue generation. Moreover, critical analysis of the each factor of the strategic business model will be addressed in this literature review section. Apart from this such study highlights on the importance of the application of the strategic business model in every business. Concept of strategic business model Business strategy or strategic business model is considered as the high-level plan of a business organization to obtain the specific business objectives. The success of a strategic business model includes business growth, good financial performance, competitive advantages and valuable position of an organization in the global market (Tsai Liao, 2017). However, if an adopted business strategy is failed then it is essential for the business organization to adopt the new strategic business model to cope up with the challenges. Selection of the business objectives is the core area of the strategic business model. However, a business strategy enables the firm to differentiate them from their competitors in the global market based on their profitability and revenue. The strategic business model includes many business models that are essential to maximize the performance of the business. Types of Strategic business model The business strategy includes various models that are beneficial to maximize the performance of an organization in the global market (Rauter, Jonker Baumgartner, 2017). One of the most important strategic business models is Porters five forces model. However, this model is used by various organizations to analyze their industries. Bargaining power of the consumer, threat of new entrants, threat of substitute products, bargaining power of supplier and the competitive rivalry are the basic five components of such strategic business model. This model is popular in the business industry as it is important for each organization to understand the nature of their industry to survive in the competitive market. This model enables the business organization to gain competitive advantages in the global market (Ye et al., 2017). BCG matrix is another vital strategic business model and it is adopted by the organization to understand their current position in a new or existing market (Frana et al., 2017). This model enables the organization to allocate resources based on their current position in the market. Therefore, Porter diamond model is a crucial business strategy model to identify and analyze the location of a particular business. This model allows an organization to understand the demand condition, factors condition and supporting elements of an industry. Apart from this the marketing mix is another popular business strategy model consists of product, price, place, and promotion such four elements. These basic elements are mandatory for any business to satisfy the needs of their target market as it customer satisfaction is the important part of the business strategy (Al Humaidan et al., 2017). Factors influencing implementation of the business strategy Several factors are associated with the implementation of the strategies in a business. One of the most important factors is the business growth. However, to enhance the business growth every organization tries to develop the new strategy that will enable them to enhance the performance of the employees as well as the business growth (Snihur, Kiss Barr, 2016). Formulation of the strategy is another factor as based on it the implementation of the strategy depends. However, formulation of the strategy provides a framework based on which the strategy can be implemented. Failure of the old strategy is another reason of adopting a new strategy. However, if an organization does not get success through a strategy then they try to develop the new and advanced strategy to meet their business objectives (Joyce Paquin, 2016). Establishment of the effective communication is a big factor of incorporating strategic business model within the organizational structure (Foss Saebi, 2017). In order to communicate with the employees regarding the vision and mission of an organization, it is important for the organization to develop the strategy that makes an effective communication between the employees and the organization. Significance of the Strategic business model in business industry The success of any good organization is based on the measurement of internal and external stakeholders of the business. In order to fulfill the objectives of a commercial setting, it is important for any enterprise to incorporate new strategies in their existing system (Saebi, Lien Foss, 2016). Implementation of the strategic business model is associated with the expanding, growing and diversification of the business. However, for a flourishing company, it is mandatory to set strategy that will lead them to achieve the business goal in the competitive market. In order to get a healthy position in the international market business strategy should be developed, which is customer and technology oriented. Growing industry uses functional strategy in their business to maximize their production (Pedersen, Gwozdz Hvass, 2016). However, increased production is the main target of using the strategic business model in an organization as it will allow the employees to improve their performanc e level as well as their working efficiency. Strategic business model is important for achieving sustainable growth in the competitive market. However, development of unique strategy in the business leads the organization to understand the demand of the current market and the nature of the competitors. A well-formulated strategy acts as the protector of a business, which enables an organization to reduce their operation cost and to increase their revenue generation (Saebi, Lien Foss, 2016). However, for every specific business objective, an unique strategy is required. Apart from the profitability and the competitive advantages, strategic model has a significant role in improving themanagement structure of an organization. However, application of the proper strategy will enable the business organization to manage their resources properly, which ensures their sustainable growth in the current market (Bini, Dainelli Giunta, 2016). Challenges occur during the implementation of the strategic business model in an Organization Establishment of the business strategy is crucial for every industry, however, often challenges occur during the implementation of the strategy. Time constraint is one of the biggest challenges of the implementation of the strategy (Swart, 2016). Due to the short time frame organization often fails to give shape their formulated strategy. Therefore, lack of adequate skill is another big barrier of the incorporation of the strategic business model. On the other hand, poor strategies are discarded by the organization as it will affect the success of the enterprise. Lack of information sharing between the team members resists the strategic implementation in an organization. Apart from this often conflict occurs between the employees and the organizational power that creates a big barrier for strategic implementation (Bocken et al., 2016). Conclusion The above literature review gives a brief idea about the application and impact of strategic business models. Hence, it has been found that Porter five forces model, marketing mix model, BCG matrix and Porter diamond model are the popular strategic business models that are applied by various business industry. However, such strategic models are effective to acquire the competitive advantage, good position and enhanced sales revenue in the global market. From the current study, it can be found that there are several factors that influence the implementation of the strategic models in the business. Growth, employee performance, communication are the potential factors of strategic business models. Hence, the above findings show that use of strategic models is significant for any business to get the competitive edge in the market. However, if a strategy is failed then the business organization needs to develop another strategy to make their business operation flexible. On the other hand, to cope up with the changing environment development of advanced strategy is required. Competitive strategy acts as the protector of any business and it keeps aside the business from any type of financial harm. In order to fulfill the business objectives, strategic business models are necessary for the enterprise as it improves the quality of a business. Apart from this short time frame, lack of skill and resources are the major barriers that hinder the implementation of the strategic business models in an organization. In order to develop the organizational structure and the performance of themanagement strategic business models is essential component for an organization. References Al Humaidan, S., Al Humaidan, S., Sabatier, V., Sabatier, V. (2017). Strategic renewal in times of environmental scarcity: The mediating role of technology in business model evolution.Journal of Organizational Change Management,30(1), 106-120. Angeloska-Dichovska, M., Mirchevska, T. P. (2017). Challenges of the Company in the New Economy and Development of E-business Strategy.STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT,22(2), 27-35. Bini, L., Dainelli, F., Giunta, F. (2016). Business model disclosure in the strategic report: entangling intellectual capital in value creation process.Journal of Intellectual Capital,17(1), 83-102. Bocken, N. M., de Pauw, I., Bakker, C., van der Grinten, B. (2016). Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy.Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering,33(5), 308-320. Foss, N. J., Saebi, T. (2017). Fifteen years of research on business model innovation: How far have we come, and where should we go?.Journal of Management,43(1), 200-227. Frana, C. L., Broman, G., Robrt, K. H., Basile, G., Trygg, L. (2017). An approach to business model innovation and design for strategic sustainable development.Journal of Cleaner Production,140, 155-166. Joyce, A., Paquin, R. L. (2016). The triple layered business model canvas: A tool to design more sustainable business models.Journal of Cleaner Production,135, 1474-1486. Lawton, T. C. (2017).Cleared for take-off: structure and strategy in the low fare airline business. Routledge. Pedersen, E. R. G., Gwozdz, W., Hvass, K. K. (2016). Exploring the relationship between business model innovation, corporate sustainability, and organisational values within the fashion industry.Journal of Business Ethics, 1-18. Rauter, R., Jonker, J., Baumgartner, R. J. (2017). Going one's own way: drivers in developing business models for sustainability.Journal of Cleaner Production,140, 144-154. Saebi, T., Lien, L., Foss, N. J. (2016). What drives business model adaptation? The impact of opportunities, threats and strategic orientation.Long Range Planning. Snihur, Y., Kiss, A., Barr, P. S. (2016, January). An identity-based perspective on firm strategic adaptation to business model innovation. InAcademy of Management Proceedings. Swart, J. (2016).A strategic business model and operational management guide for the clinical data management business unit of TASK Applied Science (Pty) Ltd(Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University). Tsai, K. H., Liao, Y. C. (2017). Sustainability Strategy and Eco?Innovation: A Moderation Model.Business Strategy and the Environment,26(4), 426-437. Ye, F., Zhang, L., Li, Y. (2017). Strategic Choice of Sales Channel and Business Model for the Hotel Supply Chain.Journal of Retailing.

Market Sizing Case Interviews free essay sample

DRAFT MARKETING CASE INTERVIEWS 1. Frameworks 2. Market –sizing 3. New Product Launch 4. Competitive Defense 5. Key Measures 6. Advertising 7. Interview Questions CaseQuestions. com CQInteractive. com Frameworks Case questions have been popping up in marketing interviews for years. While there are many similarities between a consulting case interview and a case given in a marketing interview there are differences as well. I always tell the consulting students to stay away from â€Å"cookie-cutter† frameworks like the 5Ps and 5Cs, but in marketing interviews you are encouraged to employ them. To truly standout from your peers, it is best to incorporate the 5Ps into the overall structure and then to fill in your answer with concepts from the Ivy Case Methodâ„ ¢ found in Case in Point. You’ll find that out of the 12 Ivy Case scenarios you’ll most often use (i) entering a new market, (ii) developing a new product, (iii) pricing, and (iv) growth strategies. In marketing interviews as in consulting interviews the 5Ps are: Price, Product, Promotion, Placement and Packaging. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Sizing: Case Interviews or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The 5Cs, however; differ. In a consulting interview the 5 Cs are Cost, Competition, Channels, Company and Client while in marketing interviews the 5 Cs are Category, Company, Competitor, Consumer and Customer. On the following pages I have laid out some working structures for you to review. Keep in mind that these might vary depending on if the case is about a product or a service and what industry it belongs. MARKET-SIZING QUESTIONS Your answer should be based on logic and assumptions. Structure o Listen to the question, and then determine the type of case; population-based, household, individual or preposterous. Ask clarifying questions, only if you don’t understand the question or terminology. o Lay out your structure first, the steps you’ll need to answer the question, and then go back through it with the numbers. Assumptions o Don’t worry if your assumptions are off, the interviewer is more interested in your thought process than whether your assumptions are correct. If your assumpt ions are way off they will tell you, otherwise they’ll let it go. o Base your assumptions on some sort of logic otherwise the interviewer might press you on how you drew that conclusion. You can group several assumptions into one number (i. e. The 20% takes into account X, Y, and Z. ) Math o Estimate or round numbers off to make it easier for calculation. o Write all numbers down. NEW PRODUCT LAUNCH 1. Customer needs †¢ Do customers want or need this product? †¢ Benefits to the consumer 2. Segmenting the market †¢ Market-sizing – how big is the market? o Market growth rate (past, present and future forecast) †¢ Competition and substitutions o Who are the competitors and what is their market share? How do their products and services differ from ours? o Will they launch a competitive response? †¢ Determine strategic opening o Entering the market ? Start from scratch, buy your way in, or strategic alliance o Barriers to entry ? Government regulations, access to distribution channels, access to capital, access to raw materials 3. Choose target †¢ ID heavy users o Why would they be interested in this product? 4. Positioning †¢ Differentiate – how different is it from the competition? 5. 4Ps †¢ Product – Why is it good, what’s our niche? How is it packaged? †¢ Price – competitive analysis; cost-based pricing; price-based costing (what is the customer willing to pay for it) †¢ Place – distribution channels †¢ Promotion – how best to market 6. Evaluate financials †¢ Do we have the funding we need to launch and support this product? To launch or not to launch – make a decision COMPETITIVE DEFENSE Assess the threatening product †¢ How similar is it to our product? o Does it do a better job meeting the customer’s needs? o What are its strengths and weaknesses? o What kind of market share can it expect? Curiosity – will it last? ? Will it cannibalize our sales or will it steal sales from another competitor instead? What kind of resources does it have behind it? †¢ Parent company – large or small o How committed is it to this division or product? †¢ Introduction strategy o Major marketing campaign o Incentive discounts ? 2 for 1 offer ? Low interest financing Defense strategies Defense strategies will differ depending on product or services offered. Below are a few well-tested ideas that you should think about to determine if they are appropriate for that particular case. pic] 5 Ps †¢ Pricing – can you adjust your price to maintain or even gain market share and profitability †¢ Product – can we upgrade our product or options offered? How long will it take and at what cost? Will it canalize existing products? †¢ Promotion – reinforce brand with advertising, promotions and PR †¢ Place – increase exposure within current distribution channels as well as increase number of channels †¢ Packaging – can you improve or update your packaging? KEY MEASURES In these cases the main key measures are market-share, sales and profits. If you are given a case with an existing product, identify where that product is in its life cycle emerging, growth, maturing or declining. Things to consider: †¢ If market-share is constant but sales are flat, that could indicate industry sales are flat and your competitors are experiencing the same problem. †¢ If market share declines, and it is determined that market share is more important than profits then consider lowering price; if not, then upgrade the product, increase promotions and expand distribution channels. If your case includes a decline-in-sales problem, analyze these three things: o Overall declining market demand (soda sales have dropped as bottled water sales climb) o The current marketplace might be mature or your product might be obsolete (CDs gives way to digital) o Loss of market-share due to substitutions (Netflix DVD rentals gives way to Internet downloads, Pay-per-View, DVD purchases, and competitors entering their market such as Blockbuster. †¢ If sales and market-share are increasing, but profits are declining, then you need to investigate whether prices are dropping and/or costs are climbing. However, if costs aren’t the issue, then investigate product mix, and check to see if the margins have changed. †¢ If profits are declining because of a drop in revenues, concentrate on marketing and distribution issues †¢ If profits are declining because of rising expenses, concentrate on operational and financial issues †¢ If profits are declining, yet revenues went up, review: o changes in costs; o any additional expenses; o changes in prices; o the product mix; or o changes in customer needs. If a product is in its emerging growth stage, concentrate on RD, competition, and pricing †¢ If a product is in its growth stage, emphasize marketing and competition †¢ If a product is in its mature stage, focus on manufacturing, costs and competition †¢ If a product is in its declining stage, determine the strength of the brand then define niche market(s), analyze the competition’s play, grow category, maintain at more profitable levels or think exit strategy o Can this product be reinvented or changed to meet new consumer needs? Can this product be produced at a lower cost? o Can this product have new uses? o Can new distribution channels be created? Advertising Determine media strategy. Combination of any of the following: Print Newspapers, magazines, bill boards, flyers, direct mail and catalogs The purpose of the print advertisement is to build brand, create an image, generate exposure and drive traffic your website and stores. Web Website, adwords, sponsored links, links, product placement in virtual worlds, social networking campaigns and You Tube. The purpose of web ads is to build brand, create an image, generate exposure, provide information and make sales. TV Film Cable, network, iTV. Ads and product placement The purpose of TV ads is to build brand, create an image, generate exposure and drive traffic your website and stores. Promotions and sponsorships Promotions generate sales by giving the consumer a chance to use the product either at discount or through use of a small test sample. Sponsorships are used to enhance name recognition and to build good will. Common marketing interview questions 1. How would you develop and introduce a new product? 2. There are two ideas in the company pipeline, which one would you choose? 3. Critique this ad. 4. Define a successful ad. 5. Your competition is attacking your product, how would you respond? 6. Give me an example of good marketing. Q1: How many Sky Mall magazines are printed every year for domestic airlines? As marketing manager for Sky Mall how would you increase revenues? †¢ Distribute in airports o More down time Access to phone and internet o Impulse buy Q2 You have just taken over as the brand manager for a product whose sales have been flat for the last three years. However, despite flat sales your product went from having 25% of the market to recently having 40% of the market. What’s going on and what would you do about it? ?[P=(R-C)*V]? If sales are flat, but your market share is growing then it probably means that the product’s category is shrinking. Why is it sh rinking? †¢ Is your product obsolete? Is there a new type of product or a substitution that is stealing customers? †¢ Have any competitors left the market? †¢ Have there been any mergers? Solutions: Are there any new ways to use the product? Offer new products in another category that leverages your brand. Can you change or alter the product to bring it up to date? Can you encourage existing customers to use more of your product? Can you make your product â€Å"hip† again? Can you go after new markets? †¢ Demographic †¢ Geographic [pic]